How to write Manuscript / research article for high impact factor / Pubmed indexed Journal

How to write Manuscript ?

Common reasons of manuscript rejection 

• Basic writing and presentation
• Fragmentation and lack of integration
• Lack of significance and originality
• Poor research design, description of methods, presentation of results
• Inadequate discussion and conclusion
• grammatical and typographical errors
• Plagiarized content (Plagiarism)
• Copyright
• Duplicate Submission

Who’s on first author ?

• First author - Make the greatest contribution to the work
• Equal authorship - Those who equally contributed to the study à Usually first and second authors.
• Last author - Usually senior researcher à Head of the department, often corresponding author (Guarantor of the integrity of the whole research work who guide throughout research and writing)

MANUSCRIPT Sections (Mandatory Sections)

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• References
• Tables and Figures (If any)

Title Page

Title : study design be a part of the title; Avoid abbreviations in the title of the manuscript.

Short title: usually no more than 40 characters

Author information: highest academic degrees, affiliated institute

Title page should list the corresponding authors’ telephone and fax numbers and e-mail address.

Source(s) of support

Word count :excluding its abstract, acknowledgments, tables, figure legends, and references

Conflict of Interest declaration

Abstract:

Structured abstracts: Original research, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses 

Methods: Selection of study participants, settings, measurements, analytical methods 

Results: Giving specific effect sizes and their statistical and clinical significance. Authors need to ensure that they accurately reflect the content of the article. 

Conclusion: Specific and precise to objective of the study

Introduction

• Nature of the problem and its significance
• Specific purpose or research objective of, or hypothesis tested
• Do not include data or conclusions from the work being reported

Methods

• Information that was available at the time the plan or protocol
• Organization was paid or otherwise contracted to help conduct the research – should be mentioned.
• Statement indicating that the research was approved by IRB/ IEC.
• Research was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki should be included.
• Selection and Description of Participants 
• Healthy individuals or patients, including controls 
• Inclusion and exclusion criteria 
• Technical Information 
• Primary and secondary outcomes 
• Give the manufacturer’s name and address in parentheses 
• Identify precisely all drugs and chemicals used, including generic name(s), dose(s), and route(s) of administration 

Statistics

• Specify the statistical software package(s) and versions used.
• appropriate indicators of measurement error or uncertainty (such as confidence intervals).

Results

• Do not repeat all the data in the tables or figures in the text à summarize only the most important observations.
• Give absolute numbers not only percentages
• Do not duplicate data in graphs and tables
• Avoid nontechnical uses of technical terms used in statistics like “Random”, “normal,” “significant,” “correlations,” “sample” 

Discussion

• To begin the discussion by briefly summarizing the main findings
• Explore possible mechanisms or explanations for these findings
• State the limitations of your study
• Explore future research and for clinical practice
• Do not repeat data or information from introduction and results
• Link the conclusions with the goals of the study
• avoid making statements on economic benefits and costs unless the manuscript includes the appropriate economic data and analyses
• References
• Direct references to original research sources whenever possible
• Do not use conference abstracts as references
• ICMJE considers PubMed the authoritative source for information about retractions.
• References cited only in tables or figure legends should be numbered in accordance with the sequence established by the first identification in the text of the particular table or figure
• Titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used for MEDLINE

Tables and Figures

• Number tables or figures consecutively in the order of their first citation in the text and supply a title for each.
• Be sure that each table is cited in the text.
• Symbols may be alphabet letter or such symbols as *, †, ‡, §
• Identify statistical measures of variations, such as standard deviation and standard error of the mean.
• Acknowledge the original source and submit written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce it
• Legends for illustrations should be on a separate page, with Arabic numerals corresponding to the illustrations.

Guidelines

• Follow best practice guidelines
• International Society for Medical Publication Professionals (ISMPP),
• International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE),
• EQUATOR (Enhancing the Quality and Transparency Of health Research) Network,
• Good Publication Practice (GPP),
• Medical Publishing Insights and Practices (MPIP).
• Permits from ethical review boards 
• Perform a plagiarism check  (iThenticate, PlagTracker and Viper)

Reporting trials:

• CONSORT statement for randomized trials (
  www.consort-statement.org)
• STROBE statement for observational studies (
  https://www.strobe-statement.org
  )
• PRISMA statement for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (
  www.prisma-statement.org/
  )
• EQUATOR Network research reporting guideline (
  https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/)

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